Study Details

Citation

DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Harrington, K. F., Lang, D. L., Davies, S. L., Hook, E. W., et al. (2004). Efficacy of an HIV prevention intervention for African American adolescent girls: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 292(2), 171-179.

Wingood, G. M., DiClemente, R. J., Harringon, K. F., et al. (2006). Efficacy of an HIV prevention program among female adolescents experiencing gender-based violence. American Journal of Public Health, 96, 1085-1090.

Sales, J. M., Lang, D. L., Hardin, J. W., DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M. (2010). Efficacy of an HIV prevention program among African American female adolescents reporting high depressive symptomatology. Journal of Women's Health, 19(2), 219-227.

Program or Component Study?
Program
Program or Component Name

SiHLE

Show Evidence of Effectiveness
Yes
Study Rating and Explanation
High

Random assignment study that met all criteria for a high rating; findings show a positive, statistically significant impact for at least one behavioral outcome

Program Information

Program Type
Sexual health education
Program Length
Fewer than 10 sessions

Evaluation Setting

Evaluation Setting
After school

Study Sample

Average Age Group
14 to 17
Majority Racial/Ethnic Group
African American or Black
Gender
Young women

Research Design

Assignment Method
Randomized controlled trial
Sample Size

522

Number of Follow-Ups

2

Length of Last Follow-Up

12

Year of Last Data Collection
2002

Study Findings

Result Number Partners
Potentially favorable evidence
Result Contraceptive
Favorable evidence
Result STI or HIV
Potentially favorable evidence
Result Pregnancy
Potentially favorable evidence
Reviewed Studies
High-Quality Randomized Trial
Protocol Version
Version 1.0
Details

The program's evidence of effectiveness was first established in a randomized controlled trial involving sexually active African American females recruited from four community health agencies in the southern United States. Study participants were randomly assigned to either a treatment group that received the intervention or a control group that received a general health promotion intervention on nutrition and exercise. Surveys were administered immediately before the intervention and at follow- ups conducted 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Biological testing for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomonas was also conducted.

The study found that six months after the intervention, adolescents participating in the intervention were significantly less likely to report having a pregnancy and significantly more likely to report consistent condom use in the past 6 months. Adolescents participating in the intervention were significantly more likely to report having used a condom during last sex, reported a significantly higher percentage of condom-protected sexual intercourse acts during both the past 30 days and the past 6 months, were less likely to have had a new vaginal sex partner in the last 30 days, and reported significantly fewer episodes of unprotected sexual intercourse during both the past 30 days and the past 6 months. The study found no statistically significant impacts on self-reported condom use in the past 30 days.

The study found that twelve months after the intervention, adolescents participating in the intervention were significantly more likely to report consistent condom use in the both the past 30 days and the past 6 months. Adolescents participating in the intervention were significantly more likely to report using a condom during last sex, reported a significantly higher percentage of condom-protected sexual intercourse acts during both the past 30 days and the past 6 months, and reported significantly fewer episodes of unprotected sexual intercourse during both the past 30 days and the past 6 months. The study found no statistically significant program impacts on self-reported pregnancy in the past 6 months.

During the 12-month follow-up period, adolescents participating in the intervention were significantly less likely to have a chlamydia infection. The study found no statistically significant program impacts on gonorrhea or trichomonas infections.

Effect Sizes
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in past 30 days","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"0.75","MeanComp":"0.58","TpperES":"0.475","StatSigRepEffect":"No","RepEffectFavorable":"Not significant","RepEffectMeet":"No"},"3": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Consistent condom use in past 30 days","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"12","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"0.73","MeanComp":"0.57","TpperES":"0.454","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"4": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Consistent condom use in past 6 months","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full 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program","MeanTreat":"1.02","MeanComp":"2.02","TpperES":"-0.259","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"7": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Episodes of unprotected vaginal sex in last 30 days","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"12","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"1.15","MeanComp":"2.04","TpperES":"-0.231","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"8": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Episodes of unprotected vaginal sex in last 6 months","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"3.77","MeanComp":"9.24","TpperES":"-0.295","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"9": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Episodes of unprotected vaginal sex in last 6 months","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"12","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"5.77","MeanComp":"10.25","TpperES":"-0.212","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"10": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Proportion condom use in last 30 days","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"84.93","MeanComp":"65.12","TpperES":"0.515","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"11": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Proportion condom use in last 30 days","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"12","FUReference":"After end of program","MeanTreat":"79.97","MeanComp":"62.82","TpperES":"0.414","StatSigRepEffect":"Yes","RepEffectFavorable":"Yes","RepEffectMeet":"Yes"},"12": {"ProgramName":"SiHLE","StudyID":"PPRER000018","ManuscriptID":"PPRER000018","sid":"207","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Proportion condom use in last 6 months","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"No","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"After end of 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NA = Not available. This means the authors did not report the information in the manuscripts associated with the studies we reviewed.

a This information was not available whenever authors did not report information for the treatment and comparison groups separately on outcome means, standard deviations, and/or sample sizes.

b Authors reported that the program effect (impact) estimate is statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test.

c For some outcomes, having less of that outcome is favorable. In those cases, an effect with a negative sign is favorable to the treatment group (that is, the treatment group had a more favorable outcome than the comparison group, on average).

d An effect shows credibly estimated, statistically significant evidence whenever it has a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test, includes the appropriate adjustment for clustering (if applicable), and it is not based on an endogenous subgroup.