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Study Details
Citation
Jemmott, J. B., Jemmott, L. S., Fong, G. T. (1998). Abstinence and safer sex HIV risk-reduction interventions for African American adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 279(19), 1529-1536.
Program or Component Study?
Program
Program or Component Name
Making Proud Choices!
Show Evidence of Effectiveness
Yes
Program Information
Program Type
Sexual health education
Program Length
Fewer than 10 sessions
Evaluation Setting
Evaluation Setting
After school
Study Sample
Average Age Group
13 or younger
Majority Racial/Ethnic Group
African American or Black
Gender
Youth of any gender
Research Design
Assignment Method
Randomized controlled trial
Sample Size
439
Number of Follow-Ups
4
Length of Last Follow-Up
12
Year of Last Data Collection
1997 (Imputed to year of publication minus one year)
Study Findings
Result Sexual Activity
Result Contraceptive
Reviewed Studies
High-Quality Randomized Trial
Protocol Version
Version 1.0
Details
The program was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial involving middle school students in Philadelphia, PA. Students were randomly assigned to either a treatment group that received the program or to a control group that received a general health-promotion curriculum on diet, exercise, cancer awareness, and smoking. Both the control and intervention programs were delivered outside of regular school hours over two consecutive Saturdays. Surveys were administered immediately before the program (baseline), immediately after the program, and three, six, and 12 months after the program.
The study found that three months after the program ended, adolescents participating in the intervention were less likely to report having had unprotected sexual intercourse in the previous 3 months, and reported a lower frequency of unprotected sexual intercourse.
The study also examined program impacts on measures of condom use consistency. Findings for these outcomes were not considered for the review because they did not meet the review evidence standards. Specifically, findings were reported only for subgroups of youth defined by sexual activity at follow up. The study also examined program impacts on attitudes toward abstinence, as well as condom use knowledge, skills, and beliefs. Findings for these outcomes were not considered for the review because they fell outside the scope of the review.
Effect Sizes
NA = Not available. This means the authors did not report the information in the manuscripts associated with the studies we reviewed.
a This information was not available whenever authors did not report information for the treatment and comparison groups separately on outcome means, standard deviations, and/or sample sizes.
b Authors reported that the program effect (impact) estimate is statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test.
c For some outcomes, having less of that outcome is favorable. In those cases, an effect with a negative sign is favorable to the treatment group (that is, the treatment group had a more favorable outcome than the comparison group, on average).
d An effect shows credibly estimated, statistically significant evidence whenever it has a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test, includes the appropriate adjustment for clustering (if applicable), and it is not based on an endogenous subgroup.