Study Details
Citation
Markham, C. M., Tortolero, S. R., Peskin, M. F., Shegog, R., Thiel, M., Baumler, E. R., Addy, R. C., Escobar-Chaves, S. L., Reininger, B., Robin, L. (2012). Sexual risk avoidance and sexual risk reduction interventions for middle school youth: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(3), 279-288.
Markham, C. M., Peskin, M. F., Shegog, R., Baumler, E. R., Addy, R. C., Thiel, M., Escobar-Chaves, S. L., Robin, L., Tortolero, S. R. (2014). Behavioral and psychosocial effects of two middle school sexual health education programs at tenth-grade follow-up. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 54(2), 151-159.
Program or Component Study?
Program
Program or Component Name
It's Your Game: Keep it Real (IYG) (Risk Avoidance)
Show Evidence of Effectiveness
No
Program Information
Program Type
Sexual risk avoidance
Program Length
More than 20 sessions
Evaluation Setting
Evaluation Setting
In school: Middle school
Study Sample
Average Age Group
13 or younger
Majority Racial/Ethnic Group
Hispanic or Latino
Sex
Male and female youth
Research Design
Assignment Method
Cluster randomized controlled trial
Sample Size
1258
Number of Follow-Ups
2
Length of Last Follow-Up
10
Year of Last Data Collection
2010
Study Findings
Result Number of Partners
Result Sexual Activity
Result Contraceptive Use
Reviewed Studies
Moderate-Quality Randomized Trial
Protocol Version
Version 3.0
Details
A subsequent study by the same group of researchers tested two different versions of the program: (1) the standard risk reduction version featured in the initial study and (2) an adapted risk avoidance or abstinence-based version of the program. The study used a cluster randomized trial design involving fifteen schools in a large south-central U.S. school district. Each school was randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) a treatment group that received the standard risk reduction version of the program, (2) a treatment group that received the adapted risk avoidance version of the program, or (3) a control group in which schools delivered their usual health curriculum.
The study findings for the risk avoidance program were mixed. Students in the treatment schools had lower odds of having unprotected sex at last vaginal intercourse at both a 9th grade and 10th grade follow-up survey. However, an adverse impact was found on number of sexual partners, where the treatment group had higher odds of a larger number of partners at both timepoints. In addition, there were mixed findings on recent sex: at 9th grade, female students reported a lower initiation rate of oral sex, whereas male students reported a higher initiation rate of oral sex. In addition, at 10th grade, there was a lower initiation rate of anal sex for the full study sample.
Effect Sizes
NA = Not available. This means the authors did not report the information in the manuscripts associated with the studies we reviewed.
a This information was not available whenever authors did not report information for the treatment and comparison groups separately on outcome means, standard deviations, and/or sample sizes.
b Authors reported that the program effect (impact) estimate is statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test.
c For some outcomes, having less of that outcome is favorable. In those cases, an effect with a negative sign is favorable to the treatment group (that is, the treatment group had a more favorable outcome than the comparison group, on average).
d An effect shows credibly estimated, statistically significant evidence whenever it has a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test, includes the appropriate adjustment for clustering (if applicable), and it is not based on an endogenous subgroup.
Language directly from the program model developer or authors.