Study Details

Citation

Eichner, J., Salaway, J., Smith-Jones, J., McCall, R. (2015). "Evaluation of Seventeen Days in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia: Findings from the Replication of an Evidence-Based Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program." Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh, Office of Child Development.

Downs, J. S., Ashcraft, A. M., Murray, P. J. (2016). Video for adolescent pregnancy prevention: Promises, challenges, and future directions. American Journal of Public Health, 106, S29-S31. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303428

Program Name
Seventeen Days (formerly What Could You Do?)
Show Evidence of Effectiveness
No
Study Rating and Explanation
High — Random assignment study that met all criteria for a high rating; findings show no positive, statistically significant impact on a relevant behavioral outcome measure for either the full sample or key subgroups

Program Information

Program Type
Sexual health education
Program Length
Fewer than 10 sessions

Evaluation Setting

Evaluation Setting
Health clinic or medical facility

Study Sample

Average Age Group
14 to 17
Majority Racial/Ethnic Group
White
Gender
Young women

Research Design

Assignment Method
Randomized controlled trial
Sample Size
1317
Number of Follow-Ups
2
Length of Last Follow-Up
6
Year of Last Data Collection
2015

Study Findings

Result Sexual Activity
Indeterminate evidence
Result Contraceptive
Indeterminate evidence
Reviewed Studies
High-Quality Randomized Trial
Protocol Version
Version 5.0
Effect Sizes
{"0": {"ProgramName":"Seventeen Days (formerly What Could You Do?)","StudyID":"PPRER016005","ManuscriptID":"PPRER016005","sid":"271","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Safe sexual behavior","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"3","FUReference":"Random Assignment","MeanTreat":"0.383","MeanComp":"0.364","TpperES":"0.049219","StatSigRepEffect":"No","RepEffectFavorable":"Not significant","RepEffectMeet":"No"},"1": {"ProgramName":"Seventeen Days (formerly What Could You Do?)","StudyID":"PPRER016005","ManuscriptID":"PPRER016005","sid":"271","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Safe sexual behavior","OutcomeDomain":"Contraceptive Use","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"Random Assignment","MeanTreat":"0.371","MeanComp":"0.382","TpperES":"-0.028401","StatSigRepEffect":"No","RepEffectFavorable":"Not significant","RepEffectMeet":"No"},"2": {"ProgramName":"Seventeen Days (formerly What Could You Do?)","StudyID":"PPRER016005","ManuscriptID":"PPRER016005","sid":"271","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Abstinence","OutcomeDomain":"Sexual Activity","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"3","FUReference":"Random Assignment","MeanTreat":"0.199","MeanComp":"0.204","TpperES":"-0.018835","StatSigRepEffect":"No","RepEffectFavorable":"Not significant","RepEffectMeet":"No"},"3": {"ProgramName":"Seventeen Days (formerly What Could You Do?)","StudyID":"PPRER016005","ManuscriptID":"PPRER016005","sid":"271","Rating":"High","OutcomeName":"Abstinence","OutcomeDomain":"Sexual Activity","OutcomeDichotomous":"Yes","SampleType":"Full sample","FUTimingMonths":"6","FUReference":"Random Assignment","MeanTreat":"0.215","MeanComp":"0.201","TpperES":"0.051521","StatSigRepEffect":"No","RepEffectFavorable":"Not significant","RepEffectMeet":"No"}}

NA = Not available. This means the authors did not report the information in the manuscripts associated with the studies we reviewed.

a This information was not available whenever authors did not report information for the treatment and comparison groups separately on outcome means, standard deviations, and/or sample sizes.

b Authors reported that the program effect (impact) estimate is statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test.

c For some outcomes, having less of that outcome is favorable. In those cases, an effect with a negative sign is favorable to the treatment group (that is, the treatment group had a more favorable outcome than the comparison group, on average).

d An effect meets the review standards for credible evidence whenever it is statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.05 based on a two-tailed test, includes the appropriate adjustment for clustering (if applicable), and it is not based on an endogenous subgroup.

Details
A more recent study evaluated the program using a randomized controlled trial that involved 1,317 young women who sought treatment at health clinics in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. The young women participating in the study were randomly assigned to either a treatment group that watched a 2.5 hours video with the Seventeen Days program content, or to a control group that watched a video providing information on how to reduce driving risks, the Driving Skills for Life video. The study administered surveys immediately before random assignment (baseline), and again three and six months after the baseline. Three and six months after the baseline, the study found no evidence of statistically significant program impacts on rates of abstinence, defined as not having vaginal sex in the last three months, and on rates of safe sexual behavior, defined as either abstaining from vaginal sex or as having sex using a condom every time in the last three months. The study also examined program impacts on measures of pregnancy and having an STI. Findings for those outcomes were not considered for the review because they did not meet the review standards. Specifically, attrition for the sample on which those outcomes were measured was high and therefore those findings received a Moderate rating. That rating is not consistent with the overall rating of the study (High). Attrition was assessed separately for the pregnancy and STI tests because they were administered in a different data collection effort—vaginal swab tests kits—than the surveys used to measure abstinence and contraceptive use at the 3- and 6