1. Evidence and Innovation
  2. Teen Pregnancy Prevention Evidence Review
  3. Programs
  4. Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective!

Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective!

Developers
Loretta Sweet Jemmott, Ph.D., R.N., F.A.A.N., John B. Jemmott III, Ph.D., and Deborah Koniak-Griffin, R.N., Ed.D. F.A.A.N.
Program Summary

Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! aims to reduce unprotected sex among sexually active, pregnant and parenting teens by affecting knowledge, beliefs, and intentions related to condom use and sexual behaviors. It also addresses the impact of HIV/AIDS on pregnant women and their children, the prevention of disease during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and special concerns of young mothers. The program consists of eight 60-minute modules focusing on behavioral attitudes, expectations, negotiation and problem solving skills, self-efficacy, and feelings of maternal protectiveness.

Intended Population

The program is designed for pregnant and parenting teens in grades 7-12. It has been evaluated with African American and Latino youth.

Program Setting

The program was designed for and evaluated in a classroom-based setting in middle and high schools (grades 7-12).

Contact and Availability Information
Nancy Gonzalez-Caro, MPH
Evidence-Based Product Specialist
ETR
100 Enterprise Way, Suite G300
Scotts Valley, CA 95066
Phone: 1-800-321-4407
Website: http://www.etr.org/ebi/programs/be-proud-be-responsible-be-protective/
Cody Sigel, MPH, CHES
Health Education Training Coordinator
ETR
1333 Broadway, Suite P110
Oakland, CA 94612
Phone: 510-858-0995
Website: http://www.etr.org/ebi/programs/be-proud-be-responsible-be protective/
Sample of curriculum available for review prior to purchase
Yes
Adaptation guidelines or kit available
No
Languages available
English
Program Core Components
Program Objectives

Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! is an adaptation of Be Proud! Be Responsible!. The program aims to reduce unprotected sex among sexually active, pregnant and parenting teens by affecting knowledge, beliefs, and intentions related to condom use and sexual behaviors (e.g. frequency of intercourse). The program also addresses the impact of HIV/AIDS on pregnant women and their children, the prevention of disease during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and special concerns of young mothers.

Program Content

Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! draws on two theoretical frameworks:

  1. Social Cognitive Theory, which states that individual learning is influenced by person factors, behavior and environmental influences; and
  2. the Theory of Reasoned Action, which is focused on individual motivation. According to this theory, what a person intends to do is a good predictor of what they will actually do.

 

The program covers core content through eight sessions:

  • Module 1: Introduction to HIV and AIDS and Their Relationship to Teen Motherhood
  • Module 2: Building Knowledge about HIV and Unplanned Pregnancy
  • Module 3: Understanding Vulnerability to HIV Infection and Unplanned Repeat Pregnancy
  • Module 4: Understanding Vulnerability to HIV Infection and Unplanned Repeat Pregnancy (Part 2)
  • Module 5: Attitudes and Beliefs about HIV, AIDS, and Safer Sex
  • Module 6: Attitudes and Beliefs about HIV, AIDS, and Safer Sex (Part 2)
  • Module 7: Building Condom Use Skills
  • Module 8: Building Negotiation and Refusal Skills

Through these sessions, the program provides participating teen mothers with medically accurate and factually correct information on HIV/STDs and pregnancy prevention. It also addresses behavioral attitudes/outcome expectancies, builds negotiation and problem-solving skills, builds self-efficacy and confidence in skills (e.g., positive reinforcement, support, constructive feedback) and focuses on enhancing feelings of maternal protectiveness (including educating youth about the effects of HIV on child and family and the strengths and challenges of early parenting).

Program Methods
The program relies on facilitator modeling, role playing with feedback, films, group discussions, writing (e.g. Letter to My Baby) and skill demonstrations (e.g. condom use) to deliver its content.
Program Structure and Timeline
The program consists of 8 sixty-minute modules, which can be delivered over one to eight days (see allowable adaptations). The ideal group size is 5 to 15 participants per facilitator.
Staffing

The program was evaluated with professional nurses serving as facilitators, but trained educators and social workers may implement the program. Facilitators should have experience working with pregnant/parenting teens and familiarity with the issues that affect sexual risk-taking in this population.

 

One facilitator is needed for groups of 5 to 15 participants to enhance quality of interactive and skill-building activities.

 

Developers also suggest that staff demonstrate a caring and supportive attitude, be highly participatory, and use interactive skills.

 

Program Materials and Resources

The Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! kit comes with 1) Facilitator Curriculum; 2) Activity set (posters, role plays, interactive cards); and 3) six curriculum DVDs:

  • Tanisha & Shay
  • The Subject Is: HIV
  • The Subject Is: STDs
  • He Said He Loved Me
  • Baby Talk
  • Wrap It Up & Condom Use Animation

The distributor also provides access to a table of contents and sample lesson on their website: http://www.etr.org/ebi/programs/be-proud-be-responsible-be-protective/

Additional Needs for Implementation

The program requires the use of a DVD player and TV monitor.

Fidelity
Fidelity benchmarks, a logic model, and monitoring tools are available for providers to implement the program with fidelity.

Additional adaptation guidance for Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! can be found on ETR’s Program Success Center website: http://www.etr.org/ebi/programs/be-proud-be-responsible-be-protective/
Staff Training

It is highly recommended that educators who plan to teach Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! receive research-based professional development to prepare them to effectively implement and replicate the curriculum with fidelity for the intended target group.

Training on Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! is available through ETR's Professional Learning Services. Visit http://www.etr.org/ebi/training-ta/types-of-services/training-of-educators/ for more information or submit a Training & TA Request Form (http://www.etr.org/solutions/professional-development/training-ta-request-form/).

 

Technical Assistance and Ongoing Support
ETR provides in-person and web- or phone-based technical assistance before, during and/or after program implementation. TA is tailored to the needs of the site and is designed to support quality assurance, trouble-shoot adaptation issues, and boost implementation. Contact ETR’s Professional Learning Services through the Program Support Help Desk (https://programsupport.etr.org/) or visit http://www.etr.org/ebi/training-ta/
Allowable Adaptations
The developer notes several ways the program may be adapted:
  • The program may be implemented in a larger group setting, but participants should be divided into groups of 6 to 8 for some activities and the small groups should be brought together to share their discussions and results.
  • The program can be implemented in community settings, such as youth-serving agencies.

Agencies can structure the program sessions in the following four ways:

  • Eight days of approx. one hour per day
  • Four days of approx. two hours per day
  • Two days of approx. four hours per day
  • One day (Saturday) for approx. eight hours, plus time for serving lunch and snacks
Reviewed Studies
Citation High-Quality Randomized Trial Moderate-Quality Randomized Trial Moderate-Quality Quasi-experiment Low Study Rating Did Not Meet Eligibility Criteria

Koniak-Griffin et al. 2003

 		✓
Study Characteristics
Citation Setting Majority Age Group Majority Racial/Ethnic Group Gender Sample Size

Koniak-Griffin et al. 2003

 		In school: High school 14 to 17 Hispanic or Latinx of any race Young women 497
Study Findings

Evidence by Outcome Domain and Study

Citation Sexual Activity Number of Sexual Partners Contraceptive Use STIs or HIV Pregnancy

Koniak-Griffin et al. 2003

 		n.a. Potentially favorable evidence Indeterminate evidence n.a. n.a.
Detailed Findings
Citation Details

Koniak-Griffin et al. 2003

 		The program was evaluated in a cluster randomized controlled trial involving four schools in Los Angeles County. The participating schools were randomly assigned to either a treatment group that implemented the intervention or a control group that implemented a general health promotion program, for a period of one year. Assignment status switched the following year. Study surveys were administered immediately before the intervention; immediately after the intervention ended; and three, six, and twelve months after the intervention ended.

Twelve months after the intervention, adolescents in the schools implementing the intervention reported having fewer sexual partners in the previous three months. The study found no statistically significant program impacts on the number of unprotected sexual episodes at the time of the 12-month follow-up. Program impacts at the shorter-term three and six month follow-up surveys were not statistically significant.

The study also examined program impacts on measures of AIDS knowledge, intentions to use condoms, self-efficacy, attitudes, maternal protectiveness, and social desirability. Findings for these outcomes were not considered for the review because the outcomes fell outside the scope of the review.

Notes

Some study entries may include more than one citation because each citation examines a different follow-up period from the same study sample, or because each citation examines a different set of outcome measures on the same study sample. A blank cell indicates the study did not examine any outcome measures within the particular outcome domain or the findings for the outcome measures within that domain did not meet the review evidence standards.

Information on evidence of effectiveness is available only for studies that received a high or moderate rating. Read the description of the review process for more information on how these programs are identified.